There is unfortunately no such feature in the Modern DFFS because emails are sent using the built in REST API.
In the Classic DFFS you had the option to do this by writing the email to a custom list where a SharePoint Designer Workflow triggered and paused the sending until the date was reached.
The way you would do this in SharePoint Online is to set up a Power Automate FLOW directly on that list that runs once a day and sends emails on items where the due date is reached.
Alexander